How to Minimize Power Losses in Transmissions, Axles and Steering Systems

Figure 3 Known potential and limitations of driveline optimization (Ref. 2). Management Summary In today’s motor vehicles, an optimally designed driveline provides substantial CO2 reduction. Different transmission systems, such as manual transmissions, torque-converter transmissions, dual-clutch transmissions, CVTs and hybrid systems, work better with different requirements and vehicle classes. By increasing the number of gears and the transmission-ratio spread, the engine will run with better fuel efficiency and without loss of driving dynamics. Transmission efficiency itself can be improved by: using fuelefficient transmission oil; optimizing the lubrication systems and pumps; improving shifting strategies and optimizing gearings; and optimizing bearings and seals/gaskets. With the use of lightweight materials and components with a higher specific workload, the torque-to-weight ratio of the transmission can be significantly reduced. Yet in all these areas, further improvements can be expected through use of new lubricants, materials, components and manufacturing technologies; costs and benefits to the customer would naturally be of highest importance.